Obtaining a food license, also known as FSSAI license, is mandatory for food business operators (FBOs) in India as per the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006. This license ensures that the food products being manufactured, processed, stored, or sold meet the quality and safety standards set by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). This is issued by the Food Safety and Standards Authority Act. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India and the state food authorities are jointly responsible for implementing the FSSAI rules.
There are three types of FSSAI licenses:
- Basic FSSAI Registration: For small-scale food businesses with an annual turnover of up to ₹12 lakhs. FSSAI registration number will be granted by the State Licensing Authority, and its carries 14 digits in it, but the first digit starts with 2.
- State FSSAI License: Medium-size processors, manufacturers, traders, marketers, or transporters require the FSSAI state license from the state government. For medium-sized food businesses operating within a single state with an annual turnover of more than ₹12 lakhs and up to ₹20 crores.
- Central FSSAI License: A large-sized business processing, transporting, manufacturing, and having international trade of food products needs to obtain the FSSAI central license from the Central government. For large-scale food businesses operating in multiple states with an annual turnover of more than ₹20 crores.
The process of obtaining a food license involves filling out an application form, submitting required documents such as identity proof, address proof, and proof of business ownership, and paying the prescribed fees. After submission, the application is processed by the FSSAI authorities, and upon successful verification, the license is issued to the food business operator.
Engaging in any food-related business without a valid FSSAI registration/license, except for individuals exempted under sub-section (2) of section 31 of this Act, either personally or through a representative, for activities such as manufacturing, selling, storing, distributing, or importing food products without proper authorization, may lead to penalties.
The potential penalties for such actions can include a prison sentence of up to six months and a fine of up to five lakh rupees.
Having a valid FSSAI license not only ensures compliance with legal requirements but also builds trust among consumers regarding the safety and quality of the food products being offered by the business.